Note: All this information is specific to the USA.
A First Pass at the "Facts"
You should find out if your idea qualifies for a patent.
- An initial consultation with a patent lawyer is normally free. If the laywer thinks the idea is patentable they will do a simple patent search, which costs about $500.
- Actually getting a patent takes about a year and costs US$5,000+.
It is possible to get a patent yourself, without a lawyer.
You can do a patent search yourself, but it's "advised" to hire a professional.
- There are lots of scam artists out there looking to make money off naive inventors.
See also: PatentBasics, PatentAndTrademarkOffice
Useful Sites and Articles
3-D Enterprises - has a free trial kit for new inventors (recommended by InventorEd, reputable?)
InventorEd's Novice Section
Warnings about Scams
Patent Search Tools
Possibly sound advice on why you might not want to patent:
Inventors Cafe
Patent Worksheet
Stories
Ways to protect yourself and ways to get fucked anyway.